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Image Title Description Notes Tags Rock target
GN001:5_Human figure Gichi Nala 1:6 "Warrior?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 209, pl. 54) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 human figure, arms raised GN001
GN001:6_Human figure Gichi Nala 1:6 "Warrior?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 209, pl. 54) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 human figure, arms raised, fingered hands, other anthropomorphic feature GN001
GN001:2_Human figure Gichi Nala 1:2 "Human being" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 209, pl. 55) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 human figure, arms outstretched GN001
GN003:10_Stūpa Gichi Nala 3:10 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 211, pl. 71) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 stūpa, stepped base, points, hemispheric, harmikā, multiple umbrellas, yaṣṭi, sun, aṇḍa-dome, platform ornamentation, chattra/chattrāvalī, crowning element-varṣasthālī, pennant GN003
GN003:16_Stūpa GN003:16 Stūpa (MANP 4, p. 212, pl. 72) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0230/image,info stūpa, rectangular bases, horseshoe/U-form, pennant, crowning element-varṣasthālī GN003
GN003:19_Stūpa Gichi Nala 3:19 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 212-213, pl. 72) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 stūpa, stepped base, semi-circular dome, harmikā, multiple umbrellas, crescent moon, pennant, aṇḍa-dome, crowning element-varṣasthālī, chattra/chattrāvalī GN003
GN003:2_Stūpa Gichi Nala 3:2 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 210, pl. 71 and VIIIa) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 stūpa, stepped base, platform ornamentation, points, hemispheric, false niche, pennant, multiple umbrellas, aṇḍa-dome, chattra/chattrāvalī, crowning element-varṣasthālī, harmikā, crescent moon GN003
GN003:4_Stūpa Gichi Nala 3:4 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 210, pl. 71) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 stūpa, stepped base, platform ornamentation, horseshoe/U-form, yaṣṭi, aṇḍa-dome, harmikā, zigzags, base of stūpa GN003
GN003:8_Stūpa Gichi Nala 3:8 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 211, pl. 71 and IXa) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 stūpa, stepped base, with mouldings, platform ornamentation, hemispheric, point(s) in the dome, multiple umbrellas, yaṣṭi, aṇḍa-dome, chattra/chattrāvalī, harmikā, bell-ghaṇṭā, sun, crowning element-varṣasthālī, pennant GN003
GN003:12_Stūpa? Gichi Nala 3:12 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 212, pl. 71) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 stūpa, stepped base, semi-circular dome, multiple umbrellas, sun, pennant, aṇḍa-dome, chattra/chattrāvalī, crowning element-varṣasthālī GN003
GN003:13_Stūpa Gichi Nala 3:13 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 212, pl. 71) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 stūpa, stepped base, semi-circular dome, multiple umbrellas, crescent moon, pennant, aṇḍa-dome, chattra/chattrāvalī, crowning element-varṣasthālī GN003
GN003:15_Stūpa Gichi Nala 3:15 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 212, pl. 71) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 stūpa, stepped base, semi-circular dome, harmikā, multiple umbrellas, pennant, crescent moon, aṇḍa-dome, chattra/chattrāvalī, crowning element-varṣasthālī, trident GN003
GN003:9_Stūpa? Gichi Nala 3:9 "Building" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 211, pl. 67) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 stūpa, stepped base, points, multiple umbrellas, yaṣṭi, sun, pennant, building, multiple platforms, platform ornamentation, chattra/chattrāvalī, crowning element-varṣasthālī GN003
GN004:1_Stūpa? Gichi Nala 4:1 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 213, pl. 72) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, pennant, stūpa elements, dome features, point(s) in the dome, architectural elements, connected features, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, rectangular bases, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, horseshoe/U-form GN004
GN005:5_Caprinus Gichi Nala 5:5 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 213, pl. 61) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus, animal features, animal body parts, eye, ears, animal body position, bent legs GN005
GN006:1_Animal Gichi Nala 6:1 "Animal" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 214, pl. 66) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, animal body parts, ears GN006
GN006:3_Caprinus? Gichi Nala 6:3 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 214, pl. 61) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus GN006
GN006:2_Caprinus? Gichi Nala 6:2 "Caprinus ?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 214, pl. 61) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus GN006
GN007:1_Stūpa Gichi Nala 7:1 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 216, pl. 72) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, aṇḍa-dome, dome features, false niche, semi-circular dome, hemispheric, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, with mouldings, harmikā GN007
GN008:1_Rider Gichi Nala 8:1 "Rider" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 216, pl. 57) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 human figure, rider, anthropomorphic features, other anthropomorphic feature, horse mount, harness, human body position, arm gesture, one arm raised, anthropomorph GN008
GN008:2_Human figure Gichi Nala 8:2 "Human being" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 216, pl. 55) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, arms outstretched GN008
GN008:3_Animal Gichi Nala 8:2 "Animal" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 216, pl. 66) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph GN008
GN010:1_Animal Gichi Nala 10:1 "Animal" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 217, pl. 66) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph GN010
GN010:7_Animal Gichi Nala 10:7 "Animal" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 218, pl. 66) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph GN010
GN010:6_Camel? Gichi Nala 10:6 "Camel?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 217-218, pl. 64) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, camel GN010
GN010:6_Human figure Gichi Nala 10:4 "human figure" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 217, pl. 55) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, arms raised GN010
GN010:5_Rider Gichi Nala 10:5 "rider" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 217, pl. 57) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, rider, anthropomorphic features, other anthropomorphic feature, harness, horse mount GN010
GN010:2_Human figure anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, arms raised GN010
GN010:3_Human figure Gichi Nala 10:3 "Human figure" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 217, pl. 55) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, arms raised GN010
GN012:1_Stūpa Gichi Nala 12:1 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 218, pl. 73 and IXb) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, hemispheric, horseshoe/U-form, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, platform ornamentation, points, zigzags, harmikā, chattra/chattrāvalī, multiple umbrellas, connected features, pennant, bell-ghaṇṭā, crowning element-varṣasthālī, trident GN012
GN016:3_Stūpa? Gichi Nala 16:3 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 219, pl. 73) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, aṇḍa-dome, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, rectangular bases, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi GN016
GN016:4_Building Gichi Nala 16:4 "Building" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 219, pl. 67) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, building GN016
GN016:2_Building Gichi Nala 16:2 "Building" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 219, pl. 67) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, building GN016
GN019:1_Ibex Gichi Nala 19:1 "Ibex" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 220, pl. 65) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, ibex, animal features, animal body parts, ears, hooves, eye, animal body position, bent legs, tiptoes, opened mouth-jaw GN019
GN020:2_Stūpa Gichi Nala 20:2 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 221, pl. 73) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, aṇḍa-dome, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi, semi-circular dome, globular, dome features, false niche GN020
GN020:3_Horse Gichi Nala 20:3 "Horse" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 221, pl. 64) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, horse, animal features, animal body parts, eye, hooves, animal body position, bent legs, tiptoes GN020
GN020:4_Animal Gichi Nala 20:4 "Animal" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 221, pl. 66) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph GN020
GN020:5_Stūpa Gichi Nala 20:5 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 221, pl. 73) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, hemispheric, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, rectangular bases, harmikā, connected features, pennant, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi GN020
GN020:1_Ungulate Gichi Nala 20:1 "Ungulate" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 220-221, pl. 64) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, ungulate, animal features, eye, hooves, animal body position, bent legs, other animal features, compartmentalized GN020
GN023:3_Stūpa Gichi Nala 23:4 " Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 222-223, pl. 74 and Xa) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, with mouldings, platform ornamentation, points, zigzags, aṇḍa-dome, dome features, drum, false niche, semi-circular dome, hemispheric, harmikā, connected features, bell-ghaṇṭā, crowning element-varṣasthālī, trident, pennant, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi, multiple umbrellas GN023
GN023:1_Building Gichi Nala 23:1 " Building" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 222, pl. 67) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, building GN023
GN031:4_Stūpa Gichi Nala 31:4" Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 226, pl. 74) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, globular, dome features, point(s) in the dome, harmikā, connected features, bell-ghaṇṭā, crowning element-varṣasthālī, trident GN031
GN031:5_Stūpa Gichi Nala 31:5 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 226, pl. 74) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, globular, dome features, point(s) in the dome, harmikā, chattra/chattrāvalī, multiple umbrellas, yaṣṭi, anthropomorphic design GN031
GN031:6_Stūpa Gichi Nala 31:6 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 226, pl. 74) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, globular, harmikā, chattra/chattrāvalī, multiple umbrellas, yaṣṭi, dome features, anthropomorphic design GN031
GN031:4-6_Stūpas Gichi Nala 31:A "Group of buildings" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 225, pl. 82) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa GN031
GN031:1_Stūpa Gichi Nala 31:1 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 225, pl. 74 and Xb) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, platform ornamentation, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, globular, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi, multiple umbrellas, connected features, bell-ghaṇṭā, crowning element-varṣasthālī, trident, harmikā, dome features, anthropomorphic design GN031
GN031:3_Stūpa Gichi Nala 31:3 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 226, pl. 74) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi, harmikā, connected features, crowning element-varṣasthālī, trident GN031
GN032:4_Stūpa Gichi Nala 32:4 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 227, pl. 75) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, globular, connected features, pennant, chattra/chattrāvalī, multiple umbrellas, yaṣṭi GN032
GN033:2_Warrior Gichi Nala 33:2 " Warrior" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 227, pl. 54) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, warrior, human body position, arm gesture, one arm raised, anthropomorphic features, armor, shield, other anthropomorphic feature, ball-like object GN033
GN034_1_vessel Gichi Nala 34:1 "Vessel" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 227-228, pl. 69) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 artefact, other object, vessel, overflowing vessel GN034
GN035:2 indeterminate Gichi Nala 35:2 (MANP 4, 2001, p. 228, pl. 107) is indeterminate because it is unclear if an unfinished inscription was attempted or if three disc-like motifs were drawn as small outlined ovoid shapes indeterminate GN035
GN035:5_Flower Gichi Nala 35:5 "Flower?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 228, pl. 68 and XIa) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, vegetal motif, flower GN035
GN035:3_indeterminate Gichi Nala 35:3 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 228, pl. 78) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 indeterminate GN035
GN035:6_Stūpa Gichi Nala 35:6 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 228, pl. 75) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi, connected features, bell-ghaṇṭā, crowning element-varṣasthālī, pennant GN035
GN037:2_Flower Gichi Nala 37:2 "Flower" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 229, pl. 68) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, vegetal motif, flower GN037
GN038:1_Fire(?)-altar Gichi Nala 38:1 "Fire(?)-altar" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 229, pl. 69) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, fire(?)-altar GN038
GN038:3_Fire(?)-altar Gichi Nala 38:3 "Fire(?)-altar" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 229, pl. 69) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, fire(?)-altar GN038
GN038:2_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 38:2 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 229, pl. 78) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 indeterminate GN038
GN038:7_indeterminate Gichi Nala 38:7 "Human being" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 230, pl. 55) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 indeterminate GN038
GN038:4_Stūpa? Gichi Nala 38:4 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 229, pl. 75) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, rectangular bases GN038
GN038:6_Stūpa Gichi Nala 38:6 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 229, pl. 75) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, globular, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi, connected features, crowning element-varṣasthālī, pennant GN038
GN038:4_Stūpa Gichi Nala 38:4 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 229, pl. 75) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, rectangular bases, platform ornamentation, points, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, hemispheric, dome features, garland, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi, connected features, pennant GN038
GN043:1_Horse? Gichi Nala 43:1 "Horse?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 232, pl. 65) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, horse, animal features, animal body parts, eye, hooves, animal body position, bent legs, tiptoes GN043
GN043:2_Stūpa Gichi Nala 43:2 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 232, pl. 75) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, hemispheric, harmikā, chattra/chattrāvalī, multiple umbrellas, yaṣṭi GN043
GN048:1_Caprinus Gichi Nala 48:1 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 234, pl. 61) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus GN048
GN048:5_Ibex Gichi Nala 48:5 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 234, pl. 61) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, ibex, animal features, animal body parts, ears, animal body position, tail position, raised tail, opened mouth-jaw GN048
GN048:3_Ornamented disc Gichi Nala 48:3 "Disc" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 234, pl. 70) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, disc GN048
GN048:4_Ornamented disc Gichi Nala 48:4 "Disc" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 234, pl. 70) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, geometric motif, disc GN048
GN048:2_Rider Gichi Nala 48:2 "Rider" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 234, pl. 57) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, rider, anthropomorphic features, other anthropomorphic feature, horse mount, armor, artefact, weapon, axe, feature of the mount GN048
GN048:6_Rider Gichi Nala 48:6 "Rider" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 234, pl. 57) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, rider, anthropomorphic features, other anthropomorphic feature, horse mount, armor, armed wth bow GN048
GN048:20_Caprinus The outline of this figure is very approximative as it is barely visible because of the erosion. It is not present in MANP 4. animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus GN048
GN048:21_Animal? Very eroded image, not documented in the MANP 4. It seems to be an animal figure. The outline is very approximative as it is barely visible. animal-zoomorph GN048
GN049:1_Horse Gichi Nala 49:1 "Horse?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 236, pl. 65) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, horse, animal features, animal body parts, hooves, mane, phallus of animal GN049
GN050:1_Rider Gichi Nala 50:1 "Rider" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 236, pl. 57) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, rider, anthropomorphic features, other anthropomorphic feature, horse mount, artefact, weapon, axe, harness, human body position, arm gesture, arms raised, feature of the mount GN050
GN050:2_Circle Gichi Nala 50:2 "Disc" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 236, pl. 84) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, geometric motif, circle GN050
GN050:3_Circle Gichi Nala 50:3 "Disc" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 236, pl. 84) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, geometric motif, circle GN050
GN051:6_Quadrilateral Gichi Nala 51:6 "Quadrilateral" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 238, pl. 80) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 quadrilateral GN051
GN055_1_Stūpa Gichi Nala 55:1 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 239, pl. 75) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome GN055
GN055:4_Stūpa Gichi Nala 55:4 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 239, pl. 76) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, horseshoe/U-form, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi GN055
GN056:4_Stūpa Gichi Nala 56:4 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 240, pl. 76) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, rectangular bases, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi GN056
GN056:7_Stūpa Gichi Nala 56:7 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 240, pl. 76 and XIb) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, trapezoid, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, hemispheric, dome features, false niche, harmikā, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi GN056
GN059:4_Building? Gichi Nala 59:4 "Building?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 241, pl. 67) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, architectural elements, building GN059
GN059:6_Stūpa Gichi Nala 59:6 "Building?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 241, pl. 67) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi GN059
GN059:5_Stūpa Gichi Nala 59:5 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 241, pl. 76) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome GN059
GN059:7_Stūpa Gichi Nala 59:7 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 241, pl. 76) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, horseshoe/U-form, chattra/chattrāvalī, multiple umbrellas, dome features, drum GN059
GN059:8_Stūpa Gichi Nala 59:8 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 241, pl. 76) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa GN059
GN059:19_Male figure Gichi Nala 59:19 "Male figure" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 243, pl. 55) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, male figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, arms raised, hand gesture, round hands, human body parts, feet, phallos of human GN059
GN059:20_Human figure Gichi Nala 59:19 "Male figure" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 243, pl. 55) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, hand gesture, hands on the hips, human body parts, feet GN059
GN059:21_Male figure Gichi Nala 59:21 "Male figure" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 243, pl. 55) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, male figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, arms raised, hand gesture, round hands, human body parts, feet, phallos of human GN059
GN059:22_Human figure Gichi Nala 59:22 "Human being" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 243, pl. 56) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, one arm raised, human body parts, feet GN059
GN059:12_Stūpa Gichi Nala 59:12 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 242, pl. 76) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, rectangular bases, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi GN059
GN059:13_Stūpa Gichi Nala 59:13 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 242, pl. 76) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, rectangular bases GN059
GN059:14_Stūpa Gichi Nala 59:14 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 242, pl. 76) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, semi-circular dome, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, rectangular bases GN059
GN059:16_Stūpa Gichi Nala 59:16 "Stūpa" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 242, pl. 76) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, stepped base, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, hemispheric GN059
GN059:16_Pennant Very eroded and partially preserved petroglyph. Therefore the drawn outline of the pennant is approximate. architecture, architectural elements, stūpa elements, connected features, pennant GN059
GN059:3_Stūpa Gichi Nala 59:3 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 241, pl. 76) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, stūpa elements, multiple platforms, rectangular bases, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome GN059
GN060:1_Human figure Gichi Nala 60:1 "Human being" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 243, pl. 56) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, arms raised, hand gesture, fingered hands, human body parts, feet, clothing, headdress, other anthropomorphic feature GN060
GN061:3_Caprinus Gichi Nala 61:3 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 244, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus, animal features, animal body position, tail position, raised tail GN061
GN061:4_Caprinus Gichi Nala 61:4 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 244) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus, animal features, animal body position, tail position, raised tail GN061
GN063:1_Caprinus? Gichi Nala 63:1 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 244, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus GN063
GN063:2_Caprinus Gichi Nala 63:2 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 244, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus GN063
GN063:3_Caprinus Gichi Nala 63:3 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 244, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus GN063
GN063:4_Quadrilateral Gichi Nala 63:4 "Quadrilateral" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 244, pl. 80) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, geometric motif, quadrilateral GN063
GN063:5_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 63:5 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 244-245, pl. 78) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 indeterminate GN063
GN066:8_Rider Gichi Nala 66:8 "Rider" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 246, pl. 57) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, rider, anthropomorphic features, human body position, seated, other anthropomorphic feature, horse mount, feature of the mount GN066
GN066:9_Snake? Gichi Nala 66:9 "Snake?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 246, pl. 65) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, reptile, snake GN066
GN066:11_Phallos? Gichi Nala 66:11 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 246, pl. 78) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, body part, phallos GN066
GN066_12_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 66:12 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 246) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 indeterminate GN066
GN066:5_Rider Gichi Nala 66:5 "Rider" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 245, pl. 57) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, rider, anthropomorphic features, clothing, headdress, armor, human body position, seated, other anthropomorphic feature, horse mount, feature of the mount GN066
GN066:6_Human figure Gichi Nala 66:6 "Human being" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 245-246, pl. 56) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body parts, feet GN066
GN066:7_Tamga? Gichi Nala 66:7 "Tamga?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 246, pl. 78) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, tamga GN066
GN066:1_Hand Gichi Nala 66:1 "Hand" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 245, pl. 60) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, body part, hand GN066
GN066:2_Caprinus Gichi Nala 66:2 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 245, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus, animal features, animal body position, tail position, raised tail GN066
GN066:4_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 66:4 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 245) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 indeterminate GN066
GN067:10_Tamga? Gichi Nala 67:10 "Tamga?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 247, pl. 78) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, tamga GN067
GN067:15_Male figure? Gichi Nala 67:15 "Male figure?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 247, pl. 55) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, male figure, anthropomorphic features, clothing, headdress, fungiform headdress, human body parts, phallos of human GN067
GN067:2_Building Gichi Nala 67:2 "Building" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 246, pl. 67) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, architectural elements, building GN067
GN067:13_Human figure Gichi Nala 67:13 "Warrior?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 247, pl. 54) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, arms raised GN067
GN067:17_Caprinus? Simple animal image with one horn (caprinus?), not documented in MANP 4. caprinus, animal-zoomorph, mammal GN067
GN068:11_Animal? Gichi Nala 68:11 "Animal?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 249, pl. 66) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph GN068
GN068:12_Caprinus Gichi Nala 68:12 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 249, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus GN068
GN068:13_Markhor Gichi Nala 68:13 "Markhor" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 249, pl. 64) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, animal features, animal body parts, ears GN068
GN068:15_Caprinus? Gichi Nala 68:15 "Caprinus?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 249, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus GN068
GN068:16_Caprinus? Possible caprinus petroglyph with very light patina (th body is outlined in contour), which is not documented in MANP 4. animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus GN068
GN068:14_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 68:14 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 249) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 indeterminate GN068
GN068:2_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 68:2 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 248, pl. 78) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 indeterminate GN068
GN068:8_Ibex Gichi Nala 68:8 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 248, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, ibex GN068
GN068:9_Caprinus Gichi Nala 68:9 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 248, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus GN068
GN068:10_Caprinus Gichi Nala 68:10 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 248, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus GN068
GN068:7_Ibex Gichi Nala 68:7 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 248, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, ibex GN068
GN070:1_Phallos Gichi Nala 70:1 "Phallos" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 249, pl. 60) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, body part, phallos GN070
GN071:3_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 71:3 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 250, pl. 78) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 indeterminate GN071
GN072:2_Caprinus Gichi Nala 72:2 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 250, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus, animal features, animal body position, tail position, raised tail GN072
GN072:1_Caprinus Gichi Nala 72:1 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 250, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus GN072
GN073:1_Human figure Gichi Nala 73:1 "Warrior?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 250, pl. 54) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, one arm raised, armor, armed wth bow GN073
GN074:1_Hand Gichi Nala 74:1 "Hand" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 250, pl. 60) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, body part, hand GN074
GN075:5_Circle Gichi Nala 75:5 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 251, pl. 78) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, geometric motif, circle GN075
GN075:6_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 75:6 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 251, pl. 78) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 indeterminate GN075
GN075:7_Human figure Gichi Nala 75:7 "Warrior?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 251, pl. 54) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, arms raised, armor, human body parts, phallos of human GN075
GN075:8_Human figure Gichi Nala 75:8 "Human being" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 251, pl. 56) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, arms outstretched, other anthropomorphic feature GN075
GN075:10_Building? Gichi Nala 75:10 "Building" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 252, pl. 67) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, building GN075
GN075:9_Human figure Gichi Nala 75:9 "Warrior?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 251-252, pl. 54) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, arms raised, human body parts, feet, other anthropomorphic feature, quiver, artefact, weapon, arrow GN075
GN075:2_Stūpa? Gichi Nala 78:2 "Building" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 252, pl. 67) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi GN075
GN078:3_Stūpa? Gichi Nala 78:3 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 252, pl. 77) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, rectangular bases GN078
GN080:1_Caprinus Gichi Nala 80:1 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 253, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus, animal features, animal body parts, feet, animal body position, tail position, raised tail, other animal features, compartmentalized GN080
GN085:1_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 85:1 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 254, pl. 78) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 indeterminate GN085
GN085:2_Building? Gichi Nala 85:2 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 254, pl. 79) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, architectural elements, building GN085
GN085:3_Ibex Gichi Nala 85:3 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 254, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, ibex, animal features, animal body position, bent legs GN085
GN089:1_Horse Gichi Nala 89:1 "Horse?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 255, pl. 65) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, horse, animal features, animal body position, bent legs GN089
GN090:1_Quadrilateral Gichi Nala 90:1 "Quadrilateral" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 255, pl. 80) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, geometric motif, quadrilateral GN090
GN092:5_Horse? Gichi Nala 92:5 "Horse?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 256, pl. 65) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, horse, animal features, animal body parts, ball-like tail, animal body position, opened mouth-jaw GN092
GN092:6_Horse Gichi Nala 92:6 "Horse?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 256, pl. 65) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, horse, animal features, animal body parts, hooves, animal body position, opened mouth-jaw, ears GN092
GN092:7_Bird Gichi Nala 92:7 "Bird" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 256-257, pl. 66) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, bird, animal features, animal body position, opened mouth-jaw GN092
GN092:3_Quadrilateral Gichi Nala 92:3 "Quadtrilateral" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 256, pl. 80) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, geometric motif, quadrilateral GN092
GN092:11_Disc Gichi Nala 92:11 "Disc?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 257, pl. 70) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, geometric motif, disc GN092
GN095:4_Human figure Gichi Nala 95:4 "Human being" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 259, pl. 56) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body parts, feet GN095
GN095:5_Human figure Gichi Nala 95:5 "Human being" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 259, pl. 56) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body parts, feet GN095
GN095:6_Male figure Gichi Nala 95:6 "Male figure" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 259, pl. 55) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, male figure, anthropomorphic features, human body parts, phallos of human, human body position, hand gesture, round hands, feet GN095
GN095:2_Human figure Gichi Nala 95:2 "Human being" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 258-259, pl. 56) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure GN095
GN095:9_Trident Gichi Nala 95:9 "Trident" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 259, pl. 69) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 artefact, ceremonial object, trident GN095
GN098:1_Building Gichi Nala 98:1 "Building" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 261, pl. 68) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, architectural elements, building GN098
GN100:2_Stūpa Gichi Nala 100:2 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 261-262, pl. 77) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, rectangular bases, platform ornamentation, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, horseshoe/U-form, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi, connected features, crowning element-varṣasthālī, trident GN100
GN100:3_Stūpa Gichi Nala 100:3 "Stūpa?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 262, pl. 77) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, sacred architecture, stūpa, architectural elements, stūpa elements, base of stūpa, multiple platforms, rectangular bases, platform ornamentation, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, horseshoe/U-form, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi, connected features, crowning element-varṣasthālī, trident, pennant GN100
GN100:4_Building Gichi Nala 100:4 "Building" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 262, pl. 68) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, architectural elements, building GN100
GN100:1_Building? Gichi Nala 100:1 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 261, pl. 79) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 architecture, architectural elements, building GN100
GN103:1_Foot Gichi Nala 103:1 "Foot" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 263, pl. 59) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, anthropomorphic features, body part, foot GN103
GN106:1_Trident Gichi Nala 106:1 "Trident" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 264, pl. 69) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 artefact, ceremonial object, trident GN106
GN106:5_Snake? Gichi Nala 106:5 "Snake?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 264, pl. 65) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, reptile, snake GN106
GN106:6_Star / pentagram Gichi Nala 106:6 "Star" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 264, pl. 70) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 ornament, astral motif, star / pentagram GN106
GN107:1_Human figure Gichi Nala 107:1 "Human being" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 265, pl. 56) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 anthropomorph, human figure, anthropomorphic features, human body position, arm gesture, arms outstretched GN107
GN108:5_Caprinus Gichi Nala 108:5 "Caprinus" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 265, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, caprinus, animal features, animal body parts, goatee GN108
GN109:1_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 109:1 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 265) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 indeterminate GN109
GN110:1_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 110:1 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 266) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 indeterminate GN110
GN111:1_tamga? Gichi Nala 111:1 Tamga? (MANP 4, 2001: p. 266, pl. 78) tamga GN111
GN111:13_Caprinus Gichi Nala 111:13 Caprinus (MANP 4, 2001: p. 267, pl. 63) caprinus GN111
GN111:14_Unclear "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 267) indeterminate GN111
GN111:18_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 113:18 "Unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 267, pl. 79 According to the catalog description, 8 (?) oval shapes are drawn above a foundation resembling a phallos indeterminate, phallos of human GN111
GN112:2_Man 112:2 "Man" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 268, pl. 56) Comment in Catalog on 112:1 refers to unclear lines whcih could resemble writing, but no image is provided in MANP 4 anthropomorph, male figure, arms outstretched GN112
GN112:3_stūpa Gichi Nala 112:3 Stūpa (MANP 4, 2001: p. 268, pl. 77) May belong in group with 112:A with Gichi Nala 112:4 stūpa, multiple platforms, aṇḍa-dome GN112
GN112:4_supernatural being Gichi Nala 112:4 "Horned (?) Anthropomorphic Being" (MANP 4, p. 268, pl. 54) may belong in group 112:A with 112:3 Stūpa According to Ditte Bandini-König (MANP 4, §1.1, p. 72). the drawing may be older than 112:3 and could belong to a pre-C.E. period, but not to a prehistoric time. supernatural being, horned(?) anthropomorphic being, anthropomorph GN112
GN112:5_human figure Gichi Nala 112:5 "Man" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 268, pl. 56) could illustrate a battle scene between two male figures, but the simple line is unclear human figure, male figure, arms outstretched, leg, head, hand GN112
GN112:8_human figure Gichi Nala 112:8 "Man" (MANP 4, p. 268, pl. 55) belongs to a group with Gichi Nala 112:9-11; according to the commentary in the catalog, the significance of the object helpd by the human figure is unclear, but if identifiable as a weapon, the figure may have illustrated a warrior. The outstretched arms end in hands with five distinct fingers and the legs end in feet with five toes. arms outstretched, other anthropomorphic feature, human figure, male figure, weapon GN112
GN112:9_Anthropomorph Gichi Nala 112:9 (MANP 4, 2001: pp. 268-269, pl. 56) "human" belongs to group 112:B but is relatively more recent than the other drawings of human figure 112:8 and 112:10 and Caprinus 112:11 anthropomorph, arms outstretched GN112
GN112:10_human figure Gichi Nala 112:10 "human being" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 269, pl. 56) belongs to group 112:B with other human figures (GN112:8-9) and a carpinus (112:11), perhaps in the context of a hunting scene. The lines extensding down from the outstretched arms of this figure are distinctive and could be interpreted as feathers, according to the commentary in the catalog. human figure, arms outstretched GN112
GN112:11_Caprinus Gichi Nala 112:11 Caprinus (MANP 4, 2001: p. 269, pls. 63, 87) belongs to group 112:B with human figures in what might be interpreted as a hunting scene. caprinus, horns GN112
GN112:13_human figure Gichi Nala 112:13 "human being" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 269, pls. 56, 87) has outstretched arms ending in hands with five fingers, with a disproportionately long right hand. This figure belongs in group GN112:C with another human figure (GN112:14) human figure, arms outstretched GN112
GN112:14_human figure Gichi Nala 112:14 (MANP 4, 2001: p. 269, pl, 57, 87) is in a group (112:C) with human figure GN 112:13 human figure, arms outstretched GN112
GN112:16_Building Gichi Nala 112:16 'building' (MANP 4, 2001: p. 269, pl. 68) is not identified as a stūpa because the aṇḍa is not included, but the drawing of a stūpa may have been intended due to the presence of other architectural elements. building, pennant, stepped base GN112
GN112:17_Ornament? Gichi Nala 112:17 "ornament?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 269, pl. 70 [line drawing]) is an unusual drawing belonging to group 112:D (annotated in another image). In the commentary to the catalog, uncertain identifications of the outline as a helmet or as a vase are suggested, with vegetal motifs (half-palmettes?) hanging from each side. ornament, vessel, vegetal motif GN112
GN112:19_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 112:19 "unclear" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 269, pl. 79) resembling half of a disc divided by a vertical line an subdivided by a horizontal line has an uncertain relation to the drawings included in Gichi Nala group 112:D indeterminate, geometric motif GN112
GN112:20_Indeterminate Gichi Nala 112:20 "unclear" lines of drawings slightly resemble Brāhmī writing (MANP 4, 2001: p. 269 [without illustration]) indeterminate GN112
GN112:22_Warrior? GN112:22 "Warrior?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 270, pl. 54) appears to be armed with a bow or sword. Although the drawing appears contiguous to the ornaments in Group 112:D, it is not part of the ensemble or scene. warrior, armed wth bow, armed with sword GN112
GN112:22_Warrior? GN112:22 "Warrior?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 270, pl. 54) appears to be armed with a bow or sword. Although the drawing appears contiguous to the ornaments in Group 112:D, it is not part of the ensemble or scene. warrior, armed wth bow, armed with sword GN112
GN112:21_ornament Gichi Nala 112:21 "ornament" (MANP 4, p. 269, pls. 70, XIIIa) belongs with figures of ornaments and a human hand in group 112:D. A set of two half-palmettes (vegetal motifs that are shared by the oher petroglyphs in this group) are joined together by lines resembling a human stick figure, as noted in the commentary to the catalogue. ornament, vegetal motif, anthropomorphic features GN112
GN112:25_Ornament Gichi Nala 121:25 "Ornament" (MANP 4, p. 270, pls. 70, XIIIa) consisting of a vegetal motif of two half-palmettes joined together by a a rounded line with another line extending outward from the design belongs to group 112:D with other figures having similar vegetal motifs ornament, vegetal motif GN112
GN112:23_hand Gichi Nala 112:23 'Hand' (MANP 4, 2001: p. 270, pls. 60, XIIIa) belongs with group of ornaments (112:D), which consists of a set of vegetal motifs. Ditte Bandini-König adds further commentary with a comparison to hand gestures on Sasanian seals (MANP 4, 2001: pp. 81-2, §1.9). hand, anthropomorphic features, body part GN112
GN112:24_Ornament Gichi Nala 112:24 'Ornament' (MANP 4, 2001: p. 270, pls. 270, XIIIa) belongs with other figures with vegetal motifs of half-palmettes in group 112:D ornament, vegetal motif GN112
GN112:26_human figure Gichi Nala 112:26 'human being (MANP 4, 2001: p. 270, pls. 57, XIIIb) is depicted as if in motion with both feet pointing left and arms raised; the commentary in the catalog draws attention to features of the drawing of the figure's head, which could indicate ears or a special hairstyle. human figure, arms raised, hair type, ears, human body position, head GN112
GN112:27_male figure Gichi Nala 112:27 is a male figure (MANP 4, 2001: p. 170, pl. 55) male figure GN112
GN112:29_stūpa Gichi Nala 112:29 Stūpa (MANP 4, 2001: p. 270, pls. 77, XIIIc) is an especially detailed petroglyph that clearly shows many architectural components and features in the design of stūpa ornamentation, although a chattrāvalī with discs attached to the yaṣṭi is not illustrated. stūpa, aṇḍa-dome, garland, point(s) in the dome, horseshoe/U-form, trapezoid, multiple platforms, platform ornamentation, harmikā, bell-ghaṇṭā, crowning element-varṣasthālī, trident, crescent moon, yaṣṭi GN112
GN112:30_caprinus GN112:30 Caprinus (MANP 4, 2001: p. 270. pl. 63, 88) forms a pair with another caprinus (GN112:31) in GN112: group E (intra-species group of animals) horns, raised tail, caprinus GN112
GN112:33_hunter Gichi Nala 112:33 hunter (MANP 4, 2001: pp. 270-271, pls. 54, 88) belongs to a scene (112:F) with a caprinus (112:34) ; the arms of the figure are shown in the position of bending a bow to shoot an arrow in the direction of the caprinus hunter, bow, arrow GN112
GN112:34_caprinus Gichi Nala 112:34 Caprinus (MANP 4, 2001: p. 271, pls. 63, 88) belong to a hunting scene (112:F) with a hunter in the position of shooting an arrow (GN 112:33). The body if the caprinus is drawn in outline with horns bending towards the back and a short tail. set of horns, caprinus GN112
GN113_8_dog dog GN113
GN113:9_markhor horns, markhor GN113
GN113:10_hunter hunter GN113
GN114:3_indeterminate indeterminate, triangle GN114
GN114:1_ornament vegetal motif vegetal motif GN114
GN114:2_ornament vegetal motif vegetal motif GN114
GN114:4_caprinus caprinus, recurved horns, tail, head of animal GN114
GN114:5_caprinus horns, caprinus, tail GN114
GN114:6_human figure human figure, arms outstretched GN114
GN115:4_horse horse, mane, ears, eye, head of animal, saddle GN115
GN115:5_tamga tamga GN115
GN116:1_building building GN116
GN118:1_indeterminate indeterminate GN118
GN118:2_disc ornamented disc, cross GN118
GN118:5_horse mane, tail, ears, horse GN118
GN118:3_caprinus recurved horns, bent legs, caprinus GN118
GN118:4_ibex horns, recurved horns, set of horns, ibex GN118
GN119:1_giant giant, head, leg, arm gesture, headdress, supernatural being, other object GN119
GN121:1_indeterminate indeterminate, building, tamga GN121
GN121:2_indeterminate indeterminate, geometric motif GN121
GN122:1_building building, building components, trident, crescent moon, pennant, rectangular bases GN122
GN122:4_indeterminate building arch, dome features, building, indeterminate GN122
GN122:4_human figure? human figure, head, arm gesture GN122
GN123:1_indeterminate indeterminate, tamga GN123
GN123:2_animal animal-zoomorph, head of animal, tail position, tail GN123
GN124:1_stūpa? stūpa elements, multiple platforms, rectangular bases, horseshoe/U-form, pennant, yaṣṭi, stūpa GN124
GN124:2_stūpa? rectangular bases, semi-circular dome, hemispheric, trident, stūpa GN124
GN125:1_hand hand, fingered hands GN125
GN126:1_hoof print? hoofprint, indeterminate GN126
GN126:3_hand hand, fingered hands GN126
GN126:3_hand hand, fingered hands GN126
GN127:3_hand hand, fingered hands GN127
GN128:1_building building, building components, rectangular bases, points, yaṣṭi GN128
GN128:2_trident? indeterminate, trident, flower GN128
GN130:1_stūpa stūpa, stūpa elements, aṇḍa-dome, semi-circular dome, single platform, chattra/chattrāvalī, yaṣṭi GN130
GN130:2_caprinus head of animal, horns, recurved horns, tail, raised tail, caprinus GN130
GN130:3_caprinus head of animal, horns, recurved horns, tail, bent legs, caprinus GN130
GN130:5_trident trident GN130
GN130:6_trident trident, artefact GN130
GN130:7_trident artefact, trident GN130
GN130:9_trident artefact, trident GN130
GN131:1_Caprinus Gichi Nala 1i2:31 caprinus (MANP 4, 2001: p. 668, 270, pls. 63, 88) forms a pair in an intra-species group of caprini with GN 112:30 (GN 113: Group E). Traces of another drawing can be seen to the right of this drawing in the image, but the indistinct lines are not annotated. recurved horns, caprinus GN131
GN131:1_disc ornamented disc, astral motif, geometric motif, star / pentagram GN131
GN132:1_indeterminate indeterminate, ornament GN132
GN132:2_human figure human figure, arm gesture, one arm raised, phallos, leg GN132
GN133:3_stūpa? stūpa, aṇḍa-dome, hemispheric, yaṣṭi GN133
GN134:1_markhor? head of a markhor, horns of a markhor, caprinus, markhor, raised tail GN134
GN134:2_hunter hunter, armed wth bow, phallos GN134
GN135:1_foot foot GN135
GN135:2_building? building, indeterminate, quadrilateral GN135
GN136:1_rectangle quadrilateral, geometric motif GN136
GN136:2_human figure human figure, male figure, feet, hand, arm gesture GN136
GN137:1_horse horse, tail, head of animal GN137
GN138:1_building? indeterminate, building, quadrilateral GN138
GN139:1_building stūpa elements, dome features, multiple platforms, rectangular bases GN139
GN139:3_stūpa? stūpa elements, building, dome features, rectangular bases, trident GN139
GN139:2_caprinus caprinus, recurved horns GN139
GN139:4_caprinus bent legs, horns, raised tail, caprinus GN139
GN145:4_indeterminate indeterminate, tamga GN145
GN145:8_animal horns, head regardant, animal-zoomorph GN145
GN145:12_male human figure, arms outstretched, hand gesture GN145
GN150:4_cross cross, geometric motif GN150
GN150:6_animal head of animal, tail, opened mouth-jaw, tail position, animal-zoomorph GN150
GN154:1_indeterminate indeterminate, geometric motif GN154
GN154:4_stūpa stūpa, stepped base, horseshoe/U-form, chattra/chattrāvalī, multiple umbrellas, aṇḍa-dome GN154
GN157:21_indeterminate Gichi Nala 157:21 (MANP 4, 2001: 293) resemble signs of writing below Brāhmī inscriptions GN 157:19-20, but appear to belong to a more recent period based on lighter repatination. indeterminate GN157
HN068:5_Mammal Gichi Nala 68:5 "Caprinus?" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 248, pl. 62) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 animal-zoomorph, mammal, animal features, animal body parts, feet HN068
Image Title Description Notes Tags Rock target
GN001:7_Brāhmī # dharmahetuvaradā "Granting of wishes (-varadā) on the basis of (-hetu-) Dharma" Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 14:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 209, pl. 94) https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0227 ; (ANP 1, p. 77, no. 69g, line d) https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.36954#0138 Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, message, phrase, Buddhist, exhortation GN001
GN001:3_Brāhmī 1. # dharmahetuvaradā 2. # dharmahetuvara[dā] 3. dharmahetuvaradā "Granting of wishes (-varadā) on the basis of (-hetu-) Dharma" Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 001:3 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: p. 209, pl. 94 (https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0227/image,info) and "Buddhistische Inschriften aus dem Tal des oberen Indus," Antiquities of Northern Pakistan: reports and studies 1, ed. Karl Jettmar, Mainz: P. von Zabern, 1989, no. 69g, pp. 76,-77, pl. 144 [https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.36955#0094] Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, Brahmi, Gandharan Brāhmī, Buddhist, ritual formula, phrase GN001
GN001:1_Brāhmī 1. # namo [bhagavate ra](*tna)[ku]sumaguṇa- 2. sāgaraveḍurya(*ka)na(*ka)girisuvarṇa- 3. (*k)ā[ṃca](*na)prabhā[sa]śrīye tathāgatā- 4. ya rhate samyakssambuddhāya "Veneration (namo) of the worthy (arhate) fully enlightened (samyakssambuddhāya) Tathāgata, the blessed (bhagavate) Ratnakusumaguṇasāgaraveḍūryakanakagirisuvarṇakāṃcanaprabhāsa-śrī" Transcription: # namo [bhagavate ra](*tna)[ku]sumaguṇa- | sāgaraveḍurya(*ka)na(*ka)girisuvarṇa | (*k)ā[ṃca](*na)prabhā[sa]śrīye tathāgatā | ya rhate samyakssambuddhāya Gandharan Brāhmī, northern class Brāhmī, Sanskrit, theonym, name, title, compound, dedication, Buddhist, devotional, 'homage to', name, theonym, compound, title GN001
GN003:11_Brāhmī 1. k[ṛ]tam mayā si- 2. ṅgha[kena] "made by me, Siṅghaka" Gichi Nala Brāhmī 3:11 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4 , 2001: pp. 211-212, pl. 94) https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0229 Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī, donative, anthroponym, hypocorism, name, Gandharan Brāhmī, name, anthroponym, hypocorism, Buddhist, donative, 'made by' GN003
GN003:18_Brāhmī | | 1, # kṛtaṃ mayā 2. [priyavarme] 3. na : "Made by me, Priyavarma" Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 3:18 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 212, pl. 94) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0230/image,info Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, donative, anthroponym, name, inflected form, name, anthroponym, compound name, Buddhist, 'made by' GN003
GN003:3_Brāhmī 1. kr̥ta yā gajesya 2. ma "Made by me, Gaja" Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 3:3 published by O.v. Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: p. 210, pl. 94 and VIIIa) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0228/image,info Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, genitive case, name, anthroponym, Buddhist, 'made by' GN003
GN003:14_Brāhmī 1. # devadharmo yaṃ 2. siṅgha[sya] "Religious offering of Siṅgha" Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 003:14 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 212, pl. 94) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0230/image,info Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, donative, genitive case, anthroponym, name, genitive case, appellative, anthroponym, Buddhist, 'religious offering', donative GN003
GN003:5 Brāhmī 1. [#] devadha- |rma yaṃ udevī- 2. rasya "Religious offering of Udevīra" Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 003:5 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, pp. 210-211, pl. 94) records a donation by Udevīra of stūpa petroglyph 003:4 with the deyadharma/devadharma donative formula; although the inscription is unclear in the annotated image, the black-and-white photo in MANP 4, pl. 94 is sufficiently clear to confirm the reading. https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0228 Sanskrit, donative, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī, genitive case, name, anthroponym, Buddhist, 'religious offering' GN003
GN013:2_Brāhmī namo buddhāya | namo ddharmāya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 013:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2021, pp. 218-19, pl. 95) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0237/image,info inflected form, word or phrase, phrase, theonym, title, Buddhist, 'homage to', Gandharan Brāhmī GN013
GN013:2_Brāhmī namo buddhāya | namo ddharmāya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 13:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, pp. 218-219, pl. 94) https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0236 Sanskrit, inflected form, phrase, theonym, Buddhist, 'homage to', Gandharan Brāhmī GN013
GN015:1_Brāhmī [uḍra]rajñaṃkṣatravavihāra : Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 15:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (Gichi Nala Catalog MANP 4, 2001, p. 219, pl. 95 [https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0237/image,info]); "Brāhmī inscriptions on the history and culture of the Upper Indus Valley," Antiquities of Northern Pakistan: reports and studies, vol. 1, ed. Karl Jettmar. Mainz: P. von Zabern, 1989, p. 54, no. 54b [https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/anp1text/0116/image,info], pl. 112 [https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/anp1plates/0078/image]; see also Harry Falk, review of review of Die Felsbildstation Hodar (MANP 3) and Die Felsbildstationen Shing Nala und Gichi Nala (MANP 4), Orientalistische Literaturzeitung 96 (2001), 753-758 Sanskrit, writing system, abugida, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, name, toponym, name, toponym, title, compound, Tatpurusa, Buddhist GN015
GN018:1_Brāhmī loś[v]arade[va] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 18:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 220, pl. 95) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0238/image,info Sanskrit, name, theonym, Brāhmī GN018
GN018:2_Brāhmī vicarati ryamritedrālaṃkāra Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 18:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 220, pl. 95 https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0238/image,info Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī, name, appellative, anthroponym, phrase, motion verb, visitor's arrival, Gandharan Brāhmī, honorific GN018
GN023:4_Brāhmī # devadharmo yaṃ ? ? ? ? ? | ? ? ? [sya] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 24:1 published by Oskar von Hinuber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 223, pls. 95 and Xa) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0241/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, donative, phrase, Buddhist, donative, 'religious offering' GN023
GN024:2_Brāhmī namo buddhāya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 24:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: p. 223, pl 95) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0241/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, Gandharan Brāhmī, devotional, inflected form, phrase, theonym, Buddhist, 'homage to' GN024
GN024:1_Brāhmī dharmahetuvaradā Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 24:1 published by Oskar von Hinuber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 223, pl. 95) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0241/image,info Sanskrit, Gandharan Brāhmī, phrase, compound, Buddhist, devotional, exhortation GN024
GN030:1_Brāhmī devadharmo yaṃ saṅgamitrasya sārdhaṃ puṇajai[na]rya | [sya] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 30:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 224, pl. 95) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0242/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, Gandharan Brāhmī, donative, compound, name, genitive case, name, anthroponym, compound name, Buddhist, donative, 'religious offering' GN030
GN031:2_Brāhmī # kṛtaṃ mayā saṅga[m]itrena Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 31:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 226, pl. 95) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0244/image,info Sanskrit, Gandharan Brāhmī, donative, compound, transcription, inflected form, name, appellative, anthroponym, compound name, Buddhist, 'made by' GN031
GN032:1_Brāhmī (*vi[carati]) | [kadrāka] | da | ++ | +[sa]śūra dī[vi](*ra) | śrī ? ? carati Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 32:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, pp. 226-227, pl. 95) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0245/image,info Sanskrit, Gandharan Brāhmī, title, name, name, anthroponym, honorific, motion verb, title, visitor's arrival GN032
GN035:1_Brāhmī # valavirisya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 35:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 228, pl. 96) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0246/image,info Sanskrit, Gandharan Brāhmī, name, genitive case, name, compound, appellative, anthroponym, donative GN035
GN036:1_Brāhmī ? ? ramitra [?] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 36:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 2228, pl. 96) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0246/image,info Sanskrit, writing system, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī GN036
GN037:1_Brāhmī śr(*ī) # priya ? + Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 37:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 228, pl. 96) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0246/image,info language, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Sanskrit, writing system, abugida, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, linguistic unit, name GN037
GN038:10_Brāhmī śa[r]ilavridha Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 38:10 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 230, pl. 96) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0248/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, compound, name, proper noun, anthroponym GN038
GN038:18_Brāhmī namo buddhāya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 38:18 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 231, pl. 96) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0249/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, inflected form, phrase, proper noun, theonym, Buddhist, 'homage to' GN038
GN038:17_Brāhmī illegible characters Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 38:17 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p9. 230-231, pl. 96) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0248/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, illegible GN038
GN038:14_Brāhmī ? namo jina ? [varā] | ya | [?] śrīvatsa Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 38:14 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 230, pl. 96) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0248/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, inflected form, word or phrase, proper noun, theonym, Tatpurusa, religious, 'homage to', non-Buddhist religion GN038
GN038:15_Brāhmī śrī Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 38:15 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 230, pl. 96) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0248/image,info Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī, honorific GN038
GN039:1_Brāhmī # prāṇa | # prāṇavīra Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 39:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 231, pl. 96) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0249/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, name, proper noun, anthroponym, compound, nominal GN039
GN039:2 Brāhmī # d[ā]sa[ḍa] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 39:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 231, pl. 96) Sanskrit, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī GN039
GN045:1_Brāhmī Priyerava Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 45:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 232, pl. 97) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0250/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, name, compound GN045
GN045:2_Brāhmī prakara [va] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 45:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 233, pl. 97) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0251/image,info Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, name, anthroponym GN045
GN045:3_Brāhmī kṣatra[va] [///] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 45:3 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 233, pl. 97) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0251/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, title GN045
GN045:5_Brāhmī śāntapriyasya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 45:5 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 233, pl. 97) Sanskrit, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, name, genitive case, anthroponym, appellative, compound GN045
GN046:3_Brāhmī [nama sarvabuddhāya] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 14:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 233, pl. 97) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0251/image,info Sanskrit, inflected form, phrase, compound, Tatpurusa, Buddhist, 'homage to', Brāhmī, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī GN046
GN046:2 Brāhmī # nama sarvabuddhā[ya] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 46:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 233, pl. 97) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0251/image,info inflected form, phrase, compound, Tatpurusa, Buddhist, 'homage to', Sanskrit, Brāhmī, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī GN046
GN046:1_Brāhmī illegible Gichi Nala Brāhmī? inscription 46:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 233, pl. 97) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0251/image,info illegible, Brāhmī GN046
GN047:1 Brāhmī # namo bu | ddhāya | nānasya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 14:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 233-4, pl. 97) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0251/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, name, theonym, inflected form, genitive case, name, anthroponym, word or phrase, phrase, compound, Tatpurusa, Buddhist, devotional, 'homage to' GN047
GN051:1_Brāhmī jinaruce Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 51:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 238, pl. 97) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0256/image,info Sanskrit, name, anthroponym, compound, bahuvrihi GN051
GN051:7_Brāhmī ratnacandhraḥ Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 51:7 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 238, pl. 97) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0256/image,info Sanskrit, Gandharan Brāhmī, name, nominative case, anthroponym, compound, bahuvrihi GN051
GN052:1_Brāhmī kṣa Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 52:1 (MANP 4, 2001, p. 238, pl. 98) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0256/image,info Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī, monogram GN052
GN052:2_Brāhmī ratnaśreṣṭasya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 14:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, pp. 238-239, pl. 98) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0257/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, Gandharan Brāhmī, name, genitive case, anthroponym, compound name, compound, Tatpurusa GN052
GN053:1_Brāhmī ratnaśreṣṭasya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 53:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 239, pl. 98) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0257/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, Gandharan Brāhmī, name, genitive case, anthroponym, compound name, compound, bahuvrihi GN053
GN055:2_Brāhmī namo [ratna] | ś[i]kh[i] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 55:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 239, pl. 98) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0257/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, northern class Brāhmī, version, edition, or translation, name, theonym, phrase, Buddhist, 'homage to' GN055
GN055:3_Brāhmī namo ca[kṣu] | pariśodhanarājā Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 55:3 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 239, pl. 98) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0257/image,info Sanskrit, Brahmi, Gandharan Brāhmī, name, theonym, phrase, title, compound name, compound, bahuvrihi, Buddhist, 'homage to' GN055
GN056:6_Brāhmī kritaṃ caṃdra[va]va | mena Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 56:6 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 240, pl. 98 and XIb) https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0258/image,info; https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/manp4/0531/image,info Sanskrit, Gandharan Brāhmī, transcription, inflected form, word or phrase, anthroponym, compound name, Buddhist, donative, 'made by' GN056
GN057:1_Brāhmī [d]ināde[va] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 57:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 240, pl. 98) https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0258; O.v. Hinüber reads [bhināve]va and comments that the reading and interpretation are unclear, while also indicatiing that reading dinādeva is possible. The reading remains uncertain. Sanskrit, name, compound, Brāhmī GN057
GN064:1_Brāhmī vasudataḥ Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 64:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 245, pl. 98; the name Vasudata seems to have been written in the same hand by a visitor to Shing Nala (59:3) https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0263 Sanskrit, nominative case, name, appellative, anthroponym, compound name, nominal, bahuvrihi, compound, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, Brāhmī GN064
GN065:1_Brāhmī devadharmo yaṃ Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 65:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 2245, pl. 98); traces of a donor's name in a second line of writing are not legible https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0263 Sanskrit, 'religious offering', donative, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī, phrase GN065
GN066:3_Brāhmī ha Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 66:3 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 2245, pl. 98) ; only a single akṣara (ha) is written on this rock's surface along with annotated petroglyphs https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0263 Brāhmī GN066
GN067:5_Brāhmī # namo tadhā + + + //// Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 67:5 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 247, pl. 98) O. von Hinüber translates "veneration to the Tathā(*gata ...)" on the basis of the scribe writing -dhā insteead of -thā Brāhmī writing with illegible akṣaras extending to the right and below # namo tadhā ... may be the Tathāgata's name, but only traces of [te] in the second line of writing is visible in the annotated image DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0265 Sanskrit, phrase, Buddhist, 'homage to', Gandharan Brāhmī GN067
GN067:1_Brahmī Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 67:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 2246, pl. 98) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0264 Brāhmī akṣaras written on the weathered surface of this part of rock 67 are not legible illegible, Brāhmī GN067
GN067:3-4_Brāhmī ya namo dharma Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscriptions 67:3-4 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 246, without images) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0264 Without images on pl. 98 of MANP 4, it is difficult to confirm that the Brāhmī writing below GN067:2 corresponds with the catalog numbers. O. von Hinüber comments that GN Brhmī inscriptions 67:3-4 belong to a different hand than 67:1 written to the upper left in the image of this surface of the rock. Sanskrit, 'homage to', Buddhist, northern class Brāhmī GN067
GN067:12_Brāhmī namo budhāya: [namo saṃghā ///] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 67:12 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 247, pl. 99) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0265 In the annotated image and in B&W photos published in pl. 99 of MANP 4, it is difficult to confirm the reading [namo saṃghā ///] following namo buddhāya Sanskrit, Buddhist, 'homage to', northern class Brāhmī GN067
GN067:14_Brāhmī namo buddhāya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 67:14 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 247, pl. 99) DOI:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0265 O. von Hinüber comments that 67:14 is written in a different hand than 67:12 Theinscription in a B&W photo published in pl. 99 of MANP 4 is somewhat more legible than in the annotated digital image. Sanskrit, Buddhist, 'homage to', northern class Brāhmī GN067
GN067:11_Brāhmī 1. [namā] + + + 2. dharma Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 67:11 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 247, pl. 99) DOI:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0265 In the annotated image, there are two lines of Brāhmī writing below and to the left of GN 67:12; Dharma is clear in the second line, but more than five unclear akṣaras in the first line do not allow the reading of namā ... to be confirmed. Sanskrit, Buddhist, 'homage to', phrase, northern class Brāhmī GN067
GN068:1_Brāhmī 1. ha + + [tya] 2. put[ra] ga + + Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 68:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 248, pl. 99) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0266 Breaks in the surface of the rock hinder the reading; if pu[tra] is written in the second line, the first line of writing beginning with Ha- and followed by at least two akṣaras would refer to the name of the writer's father (patronym) Sanskrit, name, patronymic, northern class Brāhmī GN068
GN069:2_Brahmī devadha + Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 69:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 249, pl. 94) DOI:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0267 O. von Hinüber comments that the writer of this inscription was not fully literate because the formula of religious offering (devadharmo yam) was not completely understood. Sanskrit, compound, 'religious offering', northern class Brāhmī GN069
GN069:3_Brahmī # namo budhhāya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 69:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 249, pl. 99) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0267 Acording to O. von Hinüber, this formula of venerating the Buddha was written by a different hand than Brahmī inscriptions 67:12 and 67:14 at Gichi Nala Sanskrit, inflected form, phrase, Buddhist, 'homage to', northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī GN069
GN070:2 kalyāṇadeva Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 70:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, pp. 249-250, pl. 99) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0267 Proper names formed by karmadhāraya-type compounds beginning with Kalyāṇa- can be compared (O. von Hinüber cites Kalyāṇaghoṣa in Shing Nala Brāhmī inscription 40:1; Kalyāṇamihira [Hodar 32:4] / - mihara [Shatial 17:4] provide other examples) Sanskrit, name, compound name, compound, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī GN070
GN073:2_Brāhmī 1. ru[dra]deva 2. + + + Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 73:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 250, pl. 99) DOI:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0268 Only the first line of writing is legible. Compound names beginning with Rudra- can be compared (O. von Hinüber cites Rudrayaśas in Shatial Brāhmī inscription 31:17, and lists other examples in in the index of names in Brāhmī and Kharoṣṭhī inscriptions published in MANP 1-4 , MANP 4 2001: p. 381 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0399). Sanskrit, name, anthroponym, compound name, northern class Brāhmī GN073
GN078:4_Monogram_Brahmī śrī Gichi Nala 78:4 "Monogram, Brāhmī inscription" (MANP 4, 2001: p. 252, pl. 106) https://katalog.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/titel/68214838 monogram GN078
GN079:1_Brāhmī dharmadeva Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 79:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 253, pl. 99) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0271 O. von Hinüber comments on the ornamental flourish of writing -va with along vertical stem Sanskrit, name, compound name, compound, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī GN079
GN084:1_Brāhmī kṛtaṃ vugena Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 84:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 254, pl. 99) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0272 O. von Hinüber translates "made by Vuga" and comments that the name of Vuga also appears in Brāhmī inscriptions written at Hodar 47:1, 49:1, and 69:2, probably by the same visitor Sanskrit, inflected form, phrase, verb, name, anthroponym, 'made by' GN084
GN086:1_Brāhmī [saṃharaca] + /// Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 86:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 2254, pl. 99) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0272. Uncertain reading of three or four legible Brāhmī akṣaras is not sufficient for proposing an interpretation Sanskrit, word or phrase, northern class Brāhmī GN086
GN086:2_Brāhmī śr[ī] śūravaṃsasya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 86:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 254, pl. 99) DOI:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0272 O. von Hinüber translates: "of Śrī Śūravaṃśa" and comments that -vaṃsa for Sanskrit -vaṃśa as the second member of the compund proper name with Śūra- (Śūroṭa is commonly attested in Upper Indus inscriptions and other names with śūra as a naming component are also attested in colophons of Gilgit Buddhist Sanskrit manuscripts) is due to Middle Indic linguistic influence Sanskrit, genitive case, prefix, name, anthroponym, compound name, honorific, compound, Tatpurusa, Gandharan Brāhmī, northern class Brāhmī GN086
GN088:1_Brahmī maṃḍamu[ka] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 88:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 2255, pl. 99 [eye-copy]) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0273 O. von Hinüber comments on the ornamental quality of the Brāhmī writing of what is probably a personal name. Sanskrit, name, Brāhmī, northern class Brāhmī GN088
GN090:2_Brāhmī [raka] + Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 90:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 255, pl. 100) DOI:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0273 Unclear line of Brahmī writing Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī GN090
GN090:4_Brāhmī namo budhāya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 90:4 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 255, pl. 100) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0273 O. von Hinüber compares the writing of the formula to Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 67:12 (here the annotated image is less clear) Sanskrit, inflected form, phrase, Buddhist, 'homage to', northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī GN090
GN091:1_Brāhmī maryānaspālaḥ Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 91:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, pp. 255-266, pl. 100) DOI:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0273 (also included in Oskar von Hinüber, "Zu einigen Iranischen Namen und Titeln aus Brāhmī-Inschriften am oberen Indus." In Studia Grammatica Iranica, edited by Rüdiger Schmitt and Prods Oktor Skjaervø, 147-162. Munich: R. Kitzinger as an example of hybrid Indo-Iranian names with -spāla as a naming component. Sanskrit, nominative case, name, anthroponym, hybrid-language name, Gandharan Brāhmī, northern class Brāhmī GN091
GN092:1_Brāhmī? rāma Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 92:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 256, pl. 100) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0274 Seems to be a personal name written directly above 92:2-4, but not by the same hand or in a direct relationship Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī GN092
GN092:2_Brāhmī āryadatta ajitendriya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 92:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 256, pl. 100) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0274 O. von Hinüber identifies two personal names: Āryadatta and Ajitendriya and comments that the two different forms of Ā- and A- could have been written by different hands. The rectangle enclosing Brāhmī inscription 92:4 superimposes Ā-, which indicates that 92:2 is relatively older. Sanskrit, name, compound, bahuvrihi, compound name, Gandharan Brāhmī, northern class Brāhmī GN092
GN092:4_Brāhmī 1. # sāddhaṃ valavīrena: 2. pravāsaputra Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 92:4 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 256, pl. 100 and XIIa) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0274 O. von Hinüber translates: "Together with Valavīra, son of Pravāsa" and comments that Brāhmī inscriptions 92:4 and 157:8 (longer) at Gichi Nala are written by the same hand. In addition to 157:8, the compound name Valavīra (for Sanskrit Balavīra) also appears in teo other inscriptions at Gichi Nala (35:1 and 102:2). Pravāsa (for Sanskrit Prabhāsa) seems to be a patronym (name of Valavīra's father) here, but elsewhere is a female name. As noted in the annotation to GN092:2, this ensemble must be later due to superimposition. Sanskrit, inflected form, phrase, name, patronymic, compound name, visitor's arrival, Gandharan Brāhmī, morpheme GN092
GN092:10_Brāhmī gaṇ[o]ṭaputra data Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 92:10 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 257, pl. 100) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0275 O. von Hinüber translates: "Datta, son of Gaṇota " commenting that Data (for Sanskrit Datta) is a common Indian naming component, and the patronym Gaṇoṭa (also written as Gaṇoṭṭa-putra in Brāhmī inscription 145:5 at Gichi Nala, although probably by a different person) could be a shortened form of the Sanskrit name Gaṇadāsa. However, local names ending in -oṭ(ṭ)a are very well attested in Upper Indus Brāhmī inscriptions, so the compound patronym of Data's father may instead be understood as a hybrid name. According to MANP 4 Catalog no. 92:16, this inscription is superimposed upon the body of a 'giant' figure (line drawing in pl. 58) Sanskrit, nominative case, name, anthroponym, patronymic, hybrid-language name, compound name, Gandharan Brāhmī GN092
GN092:9_Brāhmī /// kaḥ cittana + + Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 92:9 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 257, pl. 100) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0275 As the beginning of the inscription is missing due to flaking of the rock's surface and the final two akṣaras are not legible, the reading and interpretation remain uncertain Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī GN092
GN092:8_Brāhmī lo[ry]i Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 92:8 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 257, pl. 100) DOI:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0275 with comment that the sequence of not completely legible characters is not able to be uninterpreted ("undeutbar"). northern class Brāhmī GN092
GN092:12_Brāhmī pāloṭaka Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 92:12 published by Oskar von Hinüber (ANP1, 1989, p. 44, no. 7a, pl. 52 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.36954#0106; MANP 4, 2001, pp. 257, pl. 100 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0275); Śrī Pāloṭṭaka is written in Brāhmī inscriptions 18.64 at Oshibat in another hand than GN 92: 12, Both inscriptions record a local ethnonym related to the name of the ruing dynasty of the Palola Ṣāhis (ANP 5: https://digi.hadw-bw.de/view/anp5), Regional names ending in oṭ(ṭ)a are well attested in Upper Indus Brāhmī inscriptions, and in this case the hypochoristic suffix -ka is added. Sanskrit, suffix, ethnonym, anthroponym, Gandharan Brāhmī GN092
GN092:13_Brāhmī + + kulajuya + Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 92:13 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 257, pl. 100) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0275 Personal names with Kulajaya are written in other Brāhmī inscriptions at Gichi Nala (95:8; 157:10), Oshibat (75:2), Khomar Das (5:6, 11:1, 13:3, 30:1, 30:5, 34:1, 37:2), Gichoi Das (9:1),Thakot (114:1), and Helor Das (inscription no. 18) Sanskrit, name, compound, northern class Brāhmī GN092
GN092:14_Brāhmī dantikaḥ caṃdra Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 92:14 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 257, pl. 100) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0275 O. von Hinüber identifies two personal names: Dantika and Candra Sanskrit, nominative case, name, anthroponym, visitor's arrival, northern class Brāhmī GN092
GN094:1_Brāhmī 1. bhaṭāraka sevaṃ ma 2. [śrī] jaiya[ne m]ṛchat. + Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 94:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 258, pl. 100) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0276 Transliteration of O. von Hinüber: 1. bhaṭāraka sevaṃ [r .]ma 2. [śrī] jaiya[ne mṛcha]tu + "The Bhaṭāraka ....[Śrī ] Jaiya- ?" While the reading of some akṣaras especially in the second line of this inscription remain uncertain , identification of the title of Bhaṭāraka at the beginning is clear. The character transliterated as [r.] between sevaṃ amd ma is not apparent in the annotated image, and a final vowel of the verb (?) [m]ṛchat[ṛ/u] is difficult to construe with an uncertain final akṣara at the end of the inscription. Presumable the personal name of the Bhaṭāraka beginning with Jaiya- follows the honorific Śrī, but reading this name is contingent on interpretation of both lines in the inscription. Sanskrit, name, appellative, proper noun, title, honorific, verb, northern class Brāhmī GN094
GN095:7_Brāhmī aśokaḥ vipriḥ Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 95:7 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 259, pl. 100 DOI:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0277) ; also ANP 1, 1989, p. 53, no. 46) O. von Hinüber comments that the Brahmin Aśoka has the title of Vipriḥ (instead of Vipra as normally expected in Sanskrit), while in a Brāhmī inscription written in the same hand at Oshibat (18:15), Aśoka is designated as a brahmaṇa. Sanskrit, nominative case, name, anthroponym, title, non-Buddhist religion, Gandharan Brāhmī GN095
GN095:8_Brāhmī kulajaya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 95:8 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 259, pl. 100) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0277 For more detailed commentary on Upper Indus Brāhmī inscriptions with the term kulajaya, see note on GN092:13 In this annotated image, the final -ya is not visible. Sanskrit, nominal, northern class Brāhmī GN095
GN095:13_Brāhmī cuva Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 95:13 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, pp. 259-260, pl. 100) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0278 The meaning of the two Brāhmī characters is unclear northern class Brāhmī GN095
GN095:12_Brāhmī ānanda Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 95:12 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 259, pl. 100) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0277 Common personal name Ānanda (annotated image needs to be rotated) Sanskrit, anthroponym, Gandharan Brāhmī GN095
GN096:2_Brāhmī vala + + + Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 96:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 260, pl. 100) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0278 O. von Hinüber comments that Brāhmī characters following Vala- do not correspond with -vīrasya (GN102:2) , -vīrena (GN092:4 - see annotation). Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī GN096
GN097:1_Brāhmī /// kinīmughadata Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 97:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 260, pl. 101) DOI:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0278 O. von Hinüber comments that the sequence of legible Brāhmī akṣaras can not be interpreted for meaningful sense northern class Brāhmī GN097
GN097:4_Brāhmī visṇusena Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 97:4 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 260, pl. 101) DOI:https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0278 Although Visṇusena (with dental s instead of retroflex ṣ in the conjunct with -ṇu) is incorrectly written, a theophoric proper name was intended. The name is written on a rock fragment partially buried in sand next to Gichi Nala rock 97. Sanskrit, name, theonym, compound, Tatpurusa, non-Buddhist religion, Gandharan Brāhmī GN097
GN097:3_Brāhmī namo buddhāya namo [dharmāya]ḥ namo saṃghaya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 97:3 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 260, pl. 101) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0278 'Homage to Buddha, Dharma and Saṅgha' See annotations of GN 13:2, GN 67:12, and other inscriptions at Gichi Nala with this Buddhist formula of veneration for the three jewels (triratna). Although [dharmāya] is difficult to discern, all three elements are included in this inscription. GN 97:2 is written directly below this formula, but in a different larger hand. Sanskrit, inflected form, phrase, Buddhist, 'homage to', Gandharan Brāhmī GN097
GN097:2_Brāhmī 1. /// + + + [sa]rvo śayo[dhāra] 2. yonali /// Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 97:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 260, pl. 101) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0278 Since the two lines of this Brāhmī inscription at the bottom of rock 97 are partially buried in the sand, it is not possible to propose a reading that is sufficient for interpretation; to the far right of the annotated image below GN 97: 3, 6 akṣaras are tentatively read as [sa]rvo śa yo dhāra, but the preceding characters in the first line and any charactes in the second line are not legible. Black-and-white photos in pl. 101 of MANP 4 reveal additional akṣaras that are not visible in the annotated image, but the initial reading by O. von Hinüber remains uncertain, Sanskrit, phrase, northern class Brāhmī GN097
GN097:5_Brahmī jayacandra: Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 97:5 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, pp. 260-261, pl. 101) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0278 Initial published reading jaya[bha]rdraḥ can be revised to jayacandraḥ (as proposed by annotator in a review of Die Felsbildstationen Shing Nala und Gichi Nala (MANP 4), Bulletin of the Asia Institute 15 (2001, but appearing 2005), 206-208. Sanskrit, nominative case, name, anthroponym, compound name, compound, bahuvrihi, northern class Brāhmī GN097
GN099:1_Brāhmī choṇas[ya] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 99:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 261, pl. 101) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0279 "of Choṇa" O. von Hinüber comments that a break in the rock's surface before initial cho- could have resulted in loss of prior syllables of the name. The final syllable read as conjunct -sya is expected, but the ligature is formed in an unusual way, as if a subscript vowel (-u?) is attached to -y-, or another syllable (-pra or -pru?) is written at an oblique angle to the line of writing. Sanskrit, genitive case, name, anthroponym, northern class Brāhmī GN099
GN099:2_Brāhmī namo s.ṇa[se]na Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 99:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 261, pl. 101) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0279 O. von Hinüber comments that in addition to the beginning of the formula of homage with namo-, the ending in -ena (instrumental case ending) is clear. However, it is not possible to identify the name of a Bodhisattva or Tathāgata based on the characters that are not clearly legible. The initial conjunct consonant with s- could be read as spa- or spi-, according to O. von Hinüber. Sanskrit, phrase, 'homage to', northern class Brāhmī GN099
GN099:3_Brāhmī namo [suta]priyā(*ya) Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 99:3 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 261, pl. 101, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0279) It is not possible to propose a name of a Bodhisattva or Tathāgata invoked in the formula of homage beginning with Namo Sanskrit, phrase, 'homage to', northern class Brāhmī GN099
GN099:4_Brahmī 1. prabhadata[deva] 2. kāputra Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 99:4 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 261, pl. 101) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0279 "Son of Prabhadatta-devaka" O. von Hinüber comments that the reading of -[deva] at the end of the first line of writing is uncertain and the name Prabhadata is also written in Brāhmī inscription no. 20 at Helor Das (Nasim Khan, "Rock-Carvings and Inscriptions at Helor Das" ANP 3 [1994], p. 205, photo 14 i https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.36942#0287). Hypochristic suffix -ka preceding -putra "son of" belongs to the patronym of the writer. Sanskrit, name, patronymic, Tatpurusa, northern class Brāhmī, suffix, hypocorism, compound name GN099
GN101:1_Brāhmī priyamitra bhikṣu Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 101:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 262, pl. 101) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0280 "The Monk Priyamitra" O. von Hinüber comments that the name of the monk Priyamitra is also written in another Brāhmī inscription at Gichi Nala (157:3 - with the title of ācārya instead of Bhikṣu) and at Chilas 5 (ANP 1. 1989, p. 51, no. 37b, pl. 91 https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.36954#0113, https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.36955#0067) . In addition to the names and titles of monks in other Brāhmī inscriptions at Gichi Nala (1574:6, 157:18), other examples include Shatial (190:1), Shing Nala (36:2) and Bargin (4). Sanskrit, name, compound name, title, Buddhist, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī GN101
GN101:2_Brāhmī p[r]ac[ā]ga + [ta]yaḥ Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 101:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 262, pl. 102) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0280 The reading of some Brāhmī akṣaras in the annotated image remains uncertain, hindering the interpretation. Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī GN101
GN101:3_Brāhmī rudraṭa + Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 101:3 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 262, pl. 102) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0280 Personal name: Rudraṭa Sanskrit, name, theonym, northern class Brāhmī GN101
GN101:4_Brāhmī devikra + [ka] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 101:4 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 262, pl. 102) DOI: https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.37089#0280 Uncertain reading of Brāhmī akṣaras following Devi- does not permit an interpretation of tentative reading Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī GN101
GN102:1_Brāhmī śrī [c]uṇa[ṣya] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 102:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 262) without balack-and-white photo. O. von Hinüber transliterated śrī [ch]oṇasya "of śrī Choṇa" and commented that the name is written by a different hand than GN 99:1 (see annotation). The annotated image here is a different name: Śrī Cuṇa with a genitive ending apparently written with conjunct -ṣya rather than -sya as expected. Sanskrit, genitive case, name, anthroponym, northern class Brāhmī GN102
GN102:2_Brāhmī 1. [śrī vala] /// 2. v[ī]rasya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 102:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 262, pl. 102) "of Śrī Valavīra" O. von Hinüber comments that honorific śrī is effaced and any writing on the rock's corroded surface to the right of the legible inscription is not recognizable in the annotated image. See annotations of GN 92:4 and 96:2 for comments on the name Valavīra (corresponding with Sanskrit: Balavīra), but it is unclear that this inscription was written by the same hand as GN 35:1 and the others at Gichi Nala with this personal name (according to O. von Hinüber) Sanskrit, genitive case, name, compound name, honorific, northern class Brāhmī GN102
GN103:3_Brāhmī buddhāya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 102:3 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, pp. 263, pl. 102), who comments that the expected formula with namo "homage to" Buddha is not written in this inscription. Sanskrit, inflected form, theonym, proper noun, Buddhist, Gandharan Brāhmī GN103
GN104:2_Brāhmī j[e] brāhmaṇa(*sya) Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 104:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, pp. 263, pl. 102) "(of*) the Brahmin" Brahmī nscriptions written close to the bottom of Gichi Nala rock 104 are partially covered by a higher level of sand than when the black-and-white photo on MANP 5, pl. 102 was taken. In the published photo, the final character for the genitive ending -sya is visible, but the surface of the ground is covering the Brāhmī akṣara in the annotated image. Only traces of writing belonging to Brahmī inscriptions GN104:1 (+ + +) and GN104:3 ( [vasa] + ///) are visible above and below the annotation of GN104:2. Sanskrit, genitive case, phrase, title, non-Buddhist religion, northern class Brāhmī GN104
GN105:1_Brāhmī 1. #devasiṅgene 2. /// Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 105:1 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 263, pl. 102) "by Devasiṅga" O. von Hinüber comments on the loss of aspiration in the compound name Devasiṅga (corresponding to to Sanskrit: Devasiṅgha) as well as the instrumental case terminating in -ene instead of expected -ena, and points out that Devasiṅga's name is also written in a Brāhmī inscription at Hodar (69:31) but in Proto-Śāradā rather than Gandharan Brāhmī. The second line of Brāhmī writing read by O.v. Hinüber as + varma (visible in MANP 4, pl. 102) is no longer visible in the annotated image due to the higher level of sand in the annotated image. Sanskrit, inflected form, name, anthroponym, compound name, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī GN105
GN105:2_Brāhmī [dubha] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 105:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber, who comments that the akṣaras may be script imitation. The uncertain reading is made more difficult by the encroachment of a higher level of sand onto the bottom of Gichi Nala rock 105. illegible, northern class Brāhmī GN105
GN106:4_Brāhmī [saga] + [dha] Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 106:4 published by Oskar von Hinüber, who comments that the compound name beginning Saga- could correspond with a Buddhist personal name (Sanskrit: Saṅgha-), since loss of aspiration is not uncommon in other Upper Indus Brāhmī inscriptions. The final syllable could be -va instead of -dha. Sanskrit, Buddhist, name, compound, northern class Brāhmī GN106
GN106:7_Brāhmī 1. prīrthavi 2. g[o]pā[la] + Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 106:7 published by Oskar von Hinüber, who comments on the word prīrthivi (corresponding to Sanskrit pṛthivī "earth") which exhibits linguistic features of metathesis of -r- (a characteristic of Dardic languages in modern northern Pakistan). The writing in the second line of the inscription is not clearly connected with the first, and the reading of g[au] [p]ā [ṇa] is very uncertain due to cracks in the surface of the rock (O. von Hinüber suggests that the vowel diacritic with three lines above g- could be frivolous, but the next akṣara is clearly read as -pā- in the annotated image, and the third akṣara uncertainly read as [ṇa] could also be -la, in which case reading g[o]pā[la] + can not be considered Sanskrit, word, nominal, Gandharan Brāhmī GN106
GN108:4_Brāhmī # bhar[ja]sya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 108:4 published by Oskar von Hinüber, who comments that the name "of Bharja" does not allow a semantic interpretation. The siddhaṃ symbol (transliterated as #) preceding the name is difficult to make out in the annotated image, and its occurrence with a personal name without outside of the context of a religious formula (such as # namo ...) seems unusual. Sanskrit, genitive case, name, anthroponym, northern class Brāhmī GN108
GN108:6_Brahmī kulabhaga grihati published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 265, pl. 102) with the reading: [kula]dh[ra]gagrihati, with alternative reading ku[la]bhaga grihati proposed by annotator in a review of Die Felsbildstationen Shing Nala und Gichi Nala (MANP 4) in Bulletin of the Asia Institute 15 (2001, but 2005), p. 208. The revised reading would result in an expression meaning "[he] attains prosperity for [his] family." Although I am not ware of the compound kulabhaga as a standard term, it would be analogous to the common term kuladharma ("the Dharma of a particular family or lineage," Patrick Olivelle, ed., David Brick and Mark McClish, Associate eds., A Sanskrit Dictionary of Law and Statecraft, Delhi: Primus Books, 2015). The verb form grihati in hybrid Sanskrit (standard Sanskrit gṛhṇāti from the root grah) reflects thematization of athematic verb classes (O.v. Hinüber, Das Ältere Mittelindisch im Überblick, 2nd rev. ed., Vienna: Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2001, p. 290, §449). Sanskrit, phrase, verb, nominal, compound, Tatpurusa, utilitarian, northern class Brāhmī GN108
GN111:2_Brāhmī prasābha[du]viṣṭ[i]vīra Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 111:2 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: p. 266, pl. 102) A personal name with a compound ending in vīra is written but the semantic sense of the preceding naming elements remains uncertain Sanskrit, name, compound, anthroponym, compound name, Gandharan Brāhmī GN111
GN111:8_Brahmī [śrī] + + /// Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 111:8 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: p. 266, pl. 102) Traces of at least 3 Brāhmī akṣaras following śrī + + /// are visible in the annotated image, but the reading remains uncertain due to the condition of the rock's surface and curvature Sanskrit, honorific, northern class Brāhmī GN111
GN111:7_Brāhmī + [śūdī]ka Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 111:7 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: p. 266, pl. 102) ; O. von Hinüber reads /// [śūryaka] but the penultimate syllable before the hypocoristic suffix -ka (likely ending of a proper name) seems more clearly -dī- (vowel diacritic -ī is included in the outline). However, the preceding syllable (or syllables) written before [śū] are unclear, so it is not yet possible to clarify an identification of the name. Sanskrit, suffix, name, anthroponym, hypocorism, northern class Brāhmī GN111
GN111:6_Brāhmī śrī [.o] /// Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 111:6 published by Oskar von Hinüber without a proposed reading (MANP 4, 2001: p. 266, pl. 102) Śrī- is legible, followed by the vertical of a consonant with an -o vowel ligature, but traces of other characters probably belonging to a proper name remain unclear Sanskrit, honorific, northern class Brāhmī GN111
GN111:9_Brāhmī dha[ra]ka Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 111:9 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: p. 266, pl. 102), identifying Dharaka as a shortened form of a proper name, but commenting that the reading is very uncertain. O. von Hinüber comments that 111:10 inscription (?? and 111:11 unclear could have traces of writing belonging to inscriptions or script imitations, but corresponding images or photos are not indicated in the catalogue published in MANP 4. Therefore outlines are not attempted on the annotated image. Sanskrit, name, suffix, anthroponym, hypocorism, northern class Brāhmī GN111
GN111:12_Brāhmī nama[t]ikṣasya Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 111:12 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: p. 267, pl. 103), identifies the personal name Namatikṣa, while commenting that perhaps nama bhikṣusya could have been meant. Sanskrit, genitive case, name, anthroponym, northern class Brāhmī GN111
GN113:1_Brāhmī varāha "Varāha" Sanskrit, name, appellative, theonym, non-Buddhist religion, northern class Brāhmī GN113
GN113:2_Brāhmī yajayaśa "Yajayaśa" Sanskrit, name, anthroponym, compound name, compound, northern class Brāhmī GN113
GN113:3_Brāhmī dharma[ś.]+ "Dharma-ś-?" Sanskrit, name, appellative, proper noun, compound, Buddhist, northern class Brāhmī GN113
GN113:4_Brāhmī dha [.i] ka + di ḍi + ma + + ta + + + + northern class Brāhmī, illegible GN113
GN113:4_Brāhmī so[laḥ] Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī GN113
GN113:6_Brāhmī dharadhim[ā] Sanskrit, word or phrase, northern class Brāhmī, middle Brāhmī, proper noun GN113
GN113:7_Brāhmī namo budhā(*ya) "homage to Buddha" Sanskrit, inflected form, phrase, Buddhist, 'homage to', northern class Brāhmī GN113
GN116:2_Brāhmī vīravarmā jaṭṭa "Vīravarma the Jāṭ" Sanskrit, name, appellative, anthroponym, compound name, title, compound, Gandharan Brāhmī, ethnonym GN116
GN117:1_Brāhmī ratninī ratninī "Ratninī" Sanskrit, name, anthroponym, appellative, northern class Brāhmī GN117
GN118:6_Brāhmī va[kṣi]+ va[kṣi]+ northern class Brāhmī GN118
GN129:1_Brāhmī [ādamokṣe] Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī GN129
GN130:4_Brāhmī vājika[sya] "[of] Vājika" Sanskrit, genitive case, name, anthroponym, Gandharan Brāhmī GN130
GN142:2_Brāhmī [namo buddhāya] ["homage to Buddha"] Sanskrit, inflected form, word or phrase, phrase, Buddhist, 'homage to', northern class Brāhmī GN142
GN142:3_Brāhmī nā[bhi]kesya "of Nābhike" Sanskrit, genitive case, name, proper noun, anthroponym, northern class Brāhmī GN142
GN142:5_Brāhmī illegible illegible, northern class Brāhmī GN142
GN143:4_Brāhmī jīvavarmma jaṭṭa rudraśa[nn]i "Jīvavarmma, the Jāṭ Rudraśanni" Sanskrit, ethnonym, asterism/nakṣatra, compound name, Gandharan Brāhmī, Tatpurusa GN143
GN143:1_Brahmī [uvadeva] Sanskrit, name, compound, theonym, northern class Brāhmī GN143
GN144:1_Brāhmī mitrārjunasya "of Mitrārjuna" Sanskrit, genitive case, name, theonym, compound, Tatpurusa, Gandharan Brāhmī GN144
GN144:2_Brāhmī tharaṅgasena "Tharaṅgasena" Sanskrit, proper noun, anthroponym, Tatpurusa, name, hybrid-language name, compound name, Gandharan Brāhmī GN144
GN144:3_Brāhmī laḍasya "of Laḍa" Sanskrit, genitive case, name, anthroponym, northern class Brāhmī GN144
GN144:5_Brāhmī jayadāsa "Jayadāsa" Sanskrit, proper noun, name, anthroponym, compound name, Tatpurusa, northern class Brāhmī GN144
GN144:6_Brāhmī rudroṭa spavara "Rudroṭa Spavara" Sanskrit, name, proper noun, anthroponym, hybrid-language name, northern class Brāhmī GN144
GN144:8_Brāhmī makhārjunaḥ prāptaḥ "Makhārjuna arrived" Sanskrit, nominative case, name, compound name, hybrid-language name, motion verb, samprāpta-type, visitor's arrival, Gandharan Brāhmī GN144
GN144:9_Brāhmī śrī dāsa "Śrī Dāsa" Sanskrit, name, proper noun, anthroponym, honorific, northern class Brāhmī GN144
GN144:10_Brāhmī candraspāla "Candraspāla" Sanskrit, name, compound name, hybrid-language name, Tatpurusa, Gandharan Brāhmī GN144
GN144:11_Brāhmī jinaspala "Jinaspāla" Sanskrit, name, compound name, hybrid-language name, Tatpurusa, Gandharan Brāhmī GN144
GN145:1_Brāhmī prajāpati [ "Prajāpati ..."" Sanskrit, name, theonym, Tatpurusa, northern class Brāhmī GN145
GN145:2_Brāhmī nār[ī]kasya "of Nārīka" Sanskrit, genitive case, hypocorism, name, northern class Brāhmī GN145
GN145:3_Brāhmī madhusena "Madhusena" Sanskrit, name, theonym, Tatpurusa, Gandharan Brāhmī GN145
GN145:5_Brāhmī gaṇoṭṭaputra "son of Gaṇoṭṭa" Sanskrit, name, patronymic, hybrid-language name, compound name, Gandharan Brāhmī GN145
GN145:6_Brāhmī da[tta]śrīrāmaḥ Dattaśrīrāma Sanskrit, nominative case, proper noun, theonym, compound name, honorific, non-Buddhist religion, Gandharan Brāhmī GN145
GN145:7_Brāhmī mādaṣṭhaka "Mādaṣṭhaka" Sanskrit, name, northern class Brāhmī GN145
GN145:9_Brāhmī [svā]nīśasya "of Svānīśa" Sanskrit, genitive case, name, anthroponym, northern class Brāhmī, superimposed GN145
GN145:10_Sogdian m[wnδβ] Gichi Nala Sogdian inscription 145:10 published by Nicholas Sims-Williams (1992: 21, no. 604) with the comment ""Quite uncertain." Sogdian, Sogdian GN145
GN145:13_Urdu "Shāh Nawāz" Urdu, name, Urdu orthography GN145
GN145:13_Romanized abbreviation Latin script, word or phrase GN145
GN145:14_Urdu_dates Urdu, name, year, Urdu orthography, Latin script GN145
GN146:1_Brāhmī vāsubhadraḥ "Vāsubhadra" Sanskrit, nominative case, name, theonym, compound, Gandharan Brāhmī GN146
GN146:2_Brāhmī jayami Sanskrit, word or phrase, proper noun, anthroponym, northern class Brāhmī GN146
GN147:7_Brāhmī dharmaspāla śūra: "Dharmaspāla the Śūra" Gāndhārī, name, proper noun, compound name, hybrid-language name, title, Gandharan Brāhmī GN147
GN148:1_Brāhmī śrī karāḍa[ka] "Śrī Karāḍaka" Sanskrit, proper noun, name, hypocorism, honorific, Gandharan Brāhmī GN148
GN149:1_Brahmī yaśasya [ Sanskrit, genitive case, name, anthroponym, northern class Brāhmī GN149
GN150:1_Brāhmī śūloṭa "Śūloṭa" Sanskrit, name, hybrid-language name, Gandharan Brāhmī GN150
GN150:2_Brāhmī būḍhaka "Būdhaka" Sanskrit, name, hypocorism, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī GN150
GN150:3_Brāhmī bhīmaka "Bhīmaka" Sanskrit, name, anthroponym, hypocorism, Gandharan Brāhmī GN150
GN150:5_Brāhmī [mo]raṣe[ṇa] "Moraṣeṇa" Sanskrit, name, compound name, Tatpurusa, northern class Brāhmī GN150
GN150:8_Brāhmī śrī śak[r]abhūtasya nityaṃ [na] + "of Śrī Śakrabhūta always" genitive case, word or phrase, name, compound name, honorific, bahuvrihi, Gandharan Brāhmī GN150
GN150:9_Brāhmī illegible northern class Brāhmī, illegible GN150
GN150:10_Brāhmī śrī jīvadharma "Śrī Jīvadharma" Sanskrit, name, compound name, Tatpurusa, honorific, Buddhist, Gandharan Brāhmī GN150
GN150:11_Brāhmī + + [.o] ma [sya] Sanskrit, genitive case, illegible, northern class Brāhmī GN150
GN151:1_Brāhmī # vīradatasya "of Vīradata" Sanskrit, genitive case, name, Tatpurusa, compound, Gandharan Brāhmī GN151
GN151:2_Brāhmī? illegible illegible GN151
GN151:3_Brāhmī + .e na ve ma [si] /// northern class Brāhmī GN151
GN152:1_Brāhmī 1. # śrī ve + 2. v[er]ṇasya "of śrī Ve ? verṇa" Sanskrit, genitive case, honorific, name, northern class Brāhmī GN152
GN153:4_Brāhmī lośvara + "Lośvara" Sanskrit, name, northern class Brāhmī GN153
GN153:5_Brāhmī prajāpati "Prajāpati" Sanskrit, name, theonym, northern class Brāhmī, Tatpurusa GN153
GN154:2_monogram? monogram GN154
GN154:3_Brāhmī [ra] + [dha] tna northern class Brāhmī GN154
GN154:6_Brāhmī puñña[ka] bhikṣu "monk Puññaka" Sanskrit, suffix, name, hypocorism, title, Buddhist, Gandharan Brāhmī, northern class Brāhmī GN154
GN154:7_Brāhmī kalaśaga "Kalaśaga" Sanskrit, name, compound name, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī GN154
GN154:8_Brāhmī illegible illegible, Brāhmī GN154
GN154:9_Brāhmī śilaprava + ḥ "Śilaprabha" Sanskrit, nominative case, name, compound name, Tatpurusa, northern class Brāhmī GN154
GN154:10_Brāhmī anantabal[o] "Anantabala" Sanskrit, name, compound, Tatpurusa, northern class Brāhmī GN154
GN154:15_Brāhmī 1. [bala]śr. 2. /// gataḥ "[Balaśrī] came/went" Sanskrit, inflected form, name, proper noun, honorific, 'came'/'went' ('here'), visitor's arrival, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī GN154
GN154:14_Brāhmī śrī hima + + + + + /// "Śrī Hima- ..." Sanskrit, name, honorific, northern class Brāhmī, Gandharan Brāhmī GN154
GN155:4_Hebrew 1. + + + br + + el 1. bnymn br šmw'l 2. ywsf br 'l 'zr[y] "... son of ...-el, Benuman, son of Samuel, Joseph, son of Eli'ezri" Gichi Nala Hebrew inscription 155:4 published with comment by Theodore Kwasman (MANP 4, 2001, pp. 291, pl. 107) was discovered by Karl Jettmar in 1982 (K. Jettmar, with a contribution by Theodore Kwasman, "Hebrew Inscriptions in the Western Himalayas" In Orientalia Iosephi Tucci Memoriae Dicata, edited by G. Gnoli and L. Lanciotti, 667-670. Serie Orientale Roma 56.2. Rome: IsMEO, 1987). According to Gary Rendsburg (private communication, 2020), this list of names and patronyms (with Aramaic br [vocalized to "bar"] in place of Hebrew ben was fully integrated in Hebrew patronymics, and Benuman is a variant form of Benjamin. The transliteration of the first line is by Gary Rendsburg, whose English translation is also adopted. Judæo-Persian, name, anthroponym, patronymic, non-Buddhist religion, Perso-Arabic script GN155
GN157:4_Brāhmī 1. kajakārikānaṭikaḥ mṛgoṭṭikāṃ 2. yabhati "The actor, Kajakārikā, has sexual intercourse with Mṛgoṭṭikā" Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 157:4 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001, p. 291, pl. 105). Due to the curvature of the rock's surfaces where this inscription is written, the annotated image is a composite of multiple 2D photos. Reading and translation follows O.v. Hinüber (in German): "Der Schauspieler [naṭīkaḥ] Kajakārikā futuit [yabhati] die Mṛgoṭṭikā." Hinüber comments on the uncertainty of the masculine or feminine gender pf the actor/actress named Kajakārikā, and observes that Mṛgoṭṭikā is a rarely attested female name in Upper Indus inscriptions. The verb yabhati also occurs in Shatial Brāhmī inscription 35:1. While yabhati is clearly written below Mṛgoṭṭikāṃ to the right side of a crack in the rock's surface, the signs to the left of the crack below Kajakārikā are not legible as writing (see separate annotation of GN 157:5) Sanskrit, inflected form, nominative case, name, proper noun, anthroponym, hybrid-language name, compound name, title, verb, Gandharan Brāhmī, hypocorism GN157
GN157:5_pseudo-inscription Written directly below the name Kajakarikā in Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 157:4 (see annotation of the image), these signs are on legible as writing and could have been an attempt to imitate Brāhmī script, according to O.v. Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: p. 291, pl. 107). pseudo-inscription GN157
GN157:6_BrāhmI vicarati rako + sya "Raka (?) wanders ..." Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 157:6 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: 291, pl. 105). The personal name beginning Rako- following the verb vicarati ("wanders" - also see annotation of Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 18:2) is difficult to read because the third akṣara is damaged by a crack in the rock's surface. O.v. Hinüber suggests restoring (*ṭṭa) for reconstructing the name as Rakoṭṭasya, but comments that final -sya could have been intended as -mya instead. It is difficult to understand the syntax of a genitive construction with the verb of motion. Sanskrit, inflected form, name, motion verb, visitor's arrival, northern class Brāhmī GN157
GN157:7_Brāhmī # sādha "together with" Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 157:7 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: 291, pl. 105) may have been intended as the beginning of another inscription (compare # sārdhaṃ "together with ..." in 157:8 on the other side of a crack in the rock's surface to the upper left of this inscription). Sanskrit, phrase, northern class Brāhmī GN157
GN157:8_Brāhmī 1. # sārdhaṃ sarvadatasya 2. # kṛtaṃ mayā pravāse 3. putrī valavīrenaḥ 4. # sārddhaṃ valacandrena 5. sā + rddhaṃ s[u]mata + 6. ṇena + + + + + "Made by me, Valavīra, son (daughter?) of Pravāse, together with Sarvadata, Valacandra and Sumata ..." Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 157:8 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: 291-291, pl. 105) records the arrival of Valavīra, whose name is also written in other Brāhmī inscriptions at Gichi Nala (see annotations of GN 35:1, 92:4, 102:2). In this inscription, Valavīra is described as pravāse putrī (literally "daughter of Pravāse") instead of pravāsa-putra (the patronymic "son of Pravasa"), as in GN 92:4. O.v. Hinüber comments that Pravāse is probably the matronym (rather than patronym) of the mother of both Valavīra and possibly Valacandra, who may have been a pair of brothers whose traveling companions included Sarvadata (in the first line of the inscription following # sārdhaṃ), Sumata (in the fifth line), and another visitor whose name is illegible (in the sixth line). Sanskrit, inflected form, genitive case, name, anthroponym, compound name, verb, visitor's arrival, Gandharan Brāhmī GN157
GN157:9_Brāhmī_incomplete # sā Incomplete Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 157:9 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: 292, pl. 105) can be compared with GN 157:7, as both may have been intended to begin a formula of arrival with Sanskrit # sārdhaṃ ("together with ..."). Sanskrit, northern class Brāhmī GN157
GN157:10_Brāhmī kulajaya "Kulajaya" Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 157:10 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: p, 292, pl. 105). Kulajaya is attested in other Brahmī inscriptions at Gichi Nala (92:13 as kulajuya; 95:8), Oshibat (18:46; 75:2), Khomar Das (5:6, 11:1, 13:3, 30:1, 30:5, 34:1, 37:2), Thakot (114:1), and Helor Das (no. 18, referring to other attestations at Helor Das and Thor North 117:22). While the meaning of the compound's components ("victory of the family") is clear, the function of this expression is not apparent. With regards to kulajaya written next to a stupa 13:4 at Khomar Das, O.v. Hinüber comments "... the word or words kula or kulo jaya of uncertain meaning can be read, which occur elsewhere, mostly on top of inscribed boulders" (ANP 1, 1989: 57, pl. 115). In this case, kulajaya is written above Brahmī inscription 157:8 but in a different hand, which would not suggest a connection with the record of visitors' arrival. Sanskrit, compound, northern class Brāhmī GN157
GN157:11_Brāhmī # balattrāda yaśattrāda "Balattrāda (and) Yaśattrāda" Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 157:11 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: 292, pl. 106) records the names Balattrāda and Yaśattrāda, who were likely to have been a pair of bothers, like Valavīra and Valacandra in GN 157:8. O.v. Hinüber comments on names in compounds ending with "half Middle Indic forms -trāta and -trāda" (in the annotated image, -ttrāda is fairly clear, with gemination of -tt-), Although this naming element is used for Kṣatriyas, in GN 157:20 Puśyatrāta is designated as a Brahmin (see annotation). Sanskrit, name, anthroponym, compound name, Gandharan Brāhmī GN157
GN157:19_Brāhmī śrī pu[ṣ]yadeva + + [mitra] "Śrī Puṣyadeva ..." Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 157:19 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: 293, pl. 106), who comments that it is uncertain whether or not additional characters follow the compound name ending with -mitra. The asterism (constellation name) Puṣya- is common in Indian names, with a feminine form of Puṣyadeva attested in an early Brāhmī inscription from Bharhut (Lüders 1963: 59, no. A 120: Pusadevaya dānaṃ "gift of Pusadevā [Puṣyadevā]). Sanskrit, name, asterism/nakṣatra, anthroponym, compound name, honorific, Gandharan Brāhmī GN157
GN157:20_Brāhmī puṣyatrāta brāhmaṇaḥ "The Brahmin Puṣyatrāta" Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 157:20 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: 293, pl. 106), who comments that the Brahmin(s) Puṣyatrāta and Puṣyadeva (in GN 157:19 - see annotation) could have been a pair of brothers (also see annotations on GN 157:8 and GN 157:11). Although the naming component -trata is used in compounds to denote Kṣatriya status, here Puṣytrāta is designated as a Brahmin. Varṇa designations are uncommon, but sometimes are attested in Brāhmī inscriptions at Gichi Nala and other Upper Indus complexes (see O.v. Hinüber 1989: 52-3 [ANP 1] for other examples. Sanskrit, nominative case, anthroponym, asterism/nakṣatra, compound name, title, Gandharan Brāhmī GN157
GN157:22_Brāhmī satyabala "Satyabala" Gichi Nala Brāhmī inscription 157:22 published by Oskar von Hinüber (MANP 4, 2001: 293, pl. 106) comments on compound names with -bala as a naming component. Sanskrit, name, anthroponym, compound name, bahuvrihi, northern class Brāhmī GN157